Along with its beaches, Goa is equally famous for its carnival. Carnival of Goa is so popular that it is the most eagerly awaited event both by the locals as well as the tourists. Carnival is derived from the Portuguese word 'Carnaval', which means 'to take away meat'. It is a the commencement of the period of 40 days of fasting of Lent. During this period abstinence from meat is mandatory.

Introduced by the Portuguese in the 18th century, Carnival in Goa is a three-day festival and is celebrated mainly by the Christians. It has, in the course of time, absorbed some of the Hindu traditions and has crossed the boundaries of the state or religion. People from all over the country visit Goa especially during this period to participate in the carnival.

The carnival is held in the month of February. The carnival in Goa normally begins on Sabado Gordo, i.e., Fat Saturday and concludes on Shrove Tuesday, i.e., Fat Tuesday. Continuously for three days and nights, Momo, the legendary king takes over the state. The streets become live and vibrant with dance and music and looks riotous in various color. Carnival in Goa is the time for feast, drinks and celebration before the beginning of the 40 days of Lent. Huge promenades are organized throughout the state with live performances of bands and dances all night long on the streets of Goa. Grand balls are held in the evenings. The carnival in Goa ends with the famous Red-and-Black Dance held by the Clube National in Panjim on the closing day.

The people of Goa begin preparations for the carnival from late December only. They compose and rehearse short plays consisting of song, music and dance to be enacted during the carnival. The plays are generally related to history and are enacted only by men. They perform the roles of women as well and are dressed in bright colorful costumes and headgears.

The carnival is not celebrated anywhere else in India. It had come to decline even in Goa in the last few years of Portuguese rule. The carnival of Goa was revived after the Liberation to attract more tourism.